Reconstructing Indigenous Science into Scientific Knowledge of Materials and Sounds of Traditional Musical Instruments in Indonesia through the Science–Technology–Engineering -Mathematics (STEM) Approach

Abstract

This research aims to integrate the indigenous knowledge of the Amanatun community in Indonesia regarding the materials used in the construction and the sound properties of traditional drum instruments (gendang) into the domain of scientific knowledge through a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach. The findings of this study serve as a STEM learning resource, enabling educators to design innovative and contextually relevant teaching methods. The research methodology employed a qualitative ethnoscience approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The primary focus of the study was on the raw materials used in gendang production and the characteristics of the sound frequencies produced. The collected data were analyzed, verified, and synthesized within the context of scientific knowledge, and subsequently interpreted to derive meaningful insights. The reconstruction of scientific knowledge from this research encompasses concepts related to plant and animal taxonomy, the relationship between material density and sound frequency, and the correlation between frequency and the dimensions of the gendang. These findings have the potential to serve as a valuable teaching resource for understanding stationary waves within the STEM framework. This research represents a crucial step in preserving traditional knowledge and enriching scientific education within a local context.